Ingrown toenails are a common and often painful foot condition that can affect people of all ages. They occur when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin, causing discomfort, swelling, redness, and sometimes infection. While ingrown toenails may start as a mild issue, they can quickly worsen if not treated correctly.
Understanding the best treatments for ingrown toenails, knowing when home care is appropriate, and recognising when to seek professional podiatry care can help prevent complications and long-term discomfort. This comprehensive guide explains causes, treatment options, prevention strategies, and the role of podiatrists in managing ingrown toenails effectively.
By: MedGo2U Editorial Team
Medically Reviewed by: Mohammed R.
Reviewed on: Jan 19, 2026
Date Published: Jan 19, 2026
Date Modified: Jan 19, 2026
What Is an Ingrown Toenail?
An ingrown toenail, also known as onychocryptosis, occurs when the nail edge curves or grows into the skin beside it. This condition most commonly affects the big toe but can occur on other toes as well.
As the nail presses into the skin, it can cause:
- Pain and tenderness
- Redness and swelling
- Warmth around the toe
- Infection in severe cases
Early treatment is important to avoid worsening symptoms.
Common Causes of Ingrown Toenails
1. Improper Nail Trimming
Cutting toenails too short or rounding the edges increases the risk of the nail growing into the skin.
2. Tight or Ill-Fitting Footwear
Shoes that compress the toes place pressure on the nail, forcing it into the surrounding skin.
3. Toe Injuries
Trauma to the toe, such as stubbing or dropping something heavy, can alter nail growth.
4. Nail Shape and Genetics
Some people naturally have curved or thick nails, increasing their risk.
5. Excessive Sweating
Moist skin softens and allows nails to penetrate more easily.
6. Poor Foot Hygiene
Lack of regular foot care can contribute to nail problems and infections.
Stages of Ingrown Toenails
Stage 1: Mild
- Slight redness
- Tenderness
- Mild swelling
Stage 2: Moderate
- Increased pain
- Swelling
- Possible discharge
Stage 3: Severe
- Infection
- Pus
- Significant pain and inflammation
Treatment becomes more complex as the condition progresses.
Best Home Treatments for Mild Ingrown Toenails
Home care may be suitable for early-stage ingrown toenails without signs of infection.
1. Warm Salt Water Soaks
Soaking the foot helps reduce swelling and soften the skin.
- Use warm water
- Add salt
- Soak for 15-20 minutes
- Repeat daily as needed
2. Proper Nail Care
- Trim nails straight across
- Avoid cutting nails too short
- Do not dig into nail corners
Correct trimming prevents recurrence.
3. Wear Comfortable Footwear
- Wide toe boxes
- Breathable materials
- Minimal pressure on toes
Avoid tight or narrow shoes during healing.
4. Keep the Area Clean and Dry
Good hygiene reduces infection risk.
5. Avoid Home "Digging"
Attempting to dig out the nail can worsen pain and increase infection risk.
When Home Treatment Is Not Enough
You should seek professional care if:
- Pain worsens
- Redness spreads
- There is pus or discharge
- Walking becomes difficult
- You have diabetes or circulation problems
Prompt podiatry care prevents complications.
Professional Treatments for Ingrown Toenails
1. Podiatry Assessment
A podiatrist will examine the toe, assess nail shape and growth, and identify infection or complications. Accurate diagnosis ensures effective treatment.
2. Conservative Nail Care by a Podiatrist
For moderate cases, podiatrists may carefully trim the nail, reduce pressure on the skin, and apply protective dressings. This often provides immediate pain relief.
3. Nail Bracing (Orthonyxia)
A nail brace gently reshapes the nail as it grows. It is non-invasive, can reduce pain, and lowers recurrence risk in recurrent mild to moderate cases.
4. Partial Nail Avulsion
A common procedure for persistent or painful ingrown toenails. The affected nail edge is removed under local anaesthetic with quick recovery and long-term relief.
5. Partial Nail Avulsion with Phenol
In some cases, a chemical is applied to prevent regrowth of the problematic nail edge. This helps reduce recurrence and offers a long-term solution.
6. Infection Management
If infection is present, podiatrists provide proper cleaning and drainage, prescribe antibiotics when required, and arrange close follow-up.
Ingrown Toenails in High-Risk Individuals
People with diabetes, poor circulation, or nerve damage require urgent podiatry care.
Why Early Treatment Matters
- Reduced wound healing
- Higher infection risk
- Increased complication potential
Never attempt self-treatment if you are at high risk.
Recovery After Professional Treatment
Recovery depends on treatment type.
General Aftercare Tips
- Keep the area clean and dry
- Follow dressing instructions
- Wear open or roomy footwear
- Attend follow-up appointments
Most patients return to normal activities quickly.
Preventing Ingrown Toenails
Prevention reduces recurrence.
Key Prevention Tips
- Trim nails straight across
- Avoid cutting nails too short
- Wear properly fitted shoes
- Maintain foot hygiene
- Seek early care for nail discomfort
Professional foot care supports long-term foot health.
Conclusion
Ingrown toenails are painful but highly treatable. From early home care to professional podiatry treatments, effective solutions are available at every stage. Knowing when to seek expert care is key to preventing infection, reducing pain, and maintaining healthy feet.
If ingrown toenails are recurring or affecting your daily life, professional podiatry care offers safe, long-lasting relief.
If you're looking for a podiatrist in Sutton, book an appointment with Mohammed R., a verified HCPC-registered podiatrist offering home and video consultations across the city.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can ingrown toenails heal on their own?
Mild cases may improve, but persistent pain requires treatment.
Is ingrown toenail surgery painful?
Local anaesthetic is used, making the procedure comfortable.
How long does recovery take?
Most people recover within days to a few weeks.
Can ingrown toenails come back?
Yes, but professional treatments reduce recurrence risk.
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References
- NHS. Ingrown Toenail Treatment and Prevention
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Foot and Nail Care
- American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. Ingrown Toenail Management
About the Reviewer
Mohammed R. is a Specialist Podiatrist with seven years of clinical and domiciliary experience within the NHS. He manages a wide range of foot health needs, including nail pathology, callus and corn care, wound debridement, ulcer offloading, and insole guidance. Known for his organised, empathetic, and patient-focused approach, he consistently delivers effective care even in high-pressure environments.
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.
Last medically reviewed on: Jan 19, 2026
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